Colonialism

/ kəˈləʊ.ni.ə.lɪ.zəm / noun /

RE: CIVIL LIBERTIES, HISTORY, POLITICS, SLAVERY

Colonialism is the control and domination of one country or territory by another, usually more powerful, nation. It often involves settlers moving in, the extraction of natural resources, the takeover of land, and the imposition of foreign laws, languages, religions, and systems of governance. Colonial powers typically justified their actions by claiming to be “civilising” or “modernising” the territories they occupied, but in reality, colonialism was rooted in exploitation and control.

From the 15th century onwards, European countries, including; Britain, France, Spain, and Portugal, built vast colonial empires across Africa, Asia, the Americas, and the Caribbean. These empires profited immensely, while colonised people were often subjected to violence, forced labour, displacement, and the erasure of their cultures and identities. Although many countries gained independence in the 20th century, the effects of colonialism—such as economic inequality, political instability, and cultural loss—are still felt today. Understanding colonialism is essential for unpacking global power dynamics, systemic racism, and the continued push for decolonisation and justice.

More terms beginning with 'C'